1957 AMC 12 Problem 48

Attempt Problem 48 of the 1957 AMC 12 below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1957 AMC 12 solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

48.

Let ABCABC be an equilateral triangle inscribed in circle O.O. MM is a point on arc BC.BC. Lines AM,AM, BM,BM, and CMCM are drawn. Then AMAM is:
equal to BM+CMBM+CM
less than BM+CMBM+CM
greater than BM+CMBM+CM
equal to, less than, or greater than BM+CM,BM+CM, depending upon the position of MM
none of these
Answer: A
Concepts:cyclic quadrilateralPtolemy’s Theoremequilateral triangle
Small hint:
Apply Ptolemy’s theorem to cyclic quadrilateral ABMCABMC
Big hint:
Use AB=BC=CAAB=BC=CA to cancel the common side length
Solution:
In cyclic quadrilateral ABMC,ABMC, Ptolemy’s theorem gives AM⋅BC=AB⋅CM+AC⋅BM. \begin{aligned} AM\cdot BC &=AB\cdot CM\\ &\quad+AC\cdot BM. \end{aligned} Since ABCABC is equilateral, AB=BC=AC.AB=BC=AC. Dividing by this common length yields AM=CM+BM. AM=CM+BM.
Therefore, the correct answer is A.
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