1958 AMC 12 Problem 47

Attempt Problem 47 of the 1958 AMC 12 below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1958 AMC 12 solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

47.

ABCDABCD is a rectangle (see the accompanying diagram) with PP any point on AB‾.\overline{AB}. PS⊥BDPS\perp BD and PR⊥AC.PR\perp AC. AF⊥BDAF\perp BD and PQ⊥AF.PQ\perp AF. Then PR+PSPR+PS is equal to:
PQPQ
AEAE
PT+ATPT+AT
AFAF
EFEF
Answer: D
Concepts:rectangleparallel linessimilarity
Small hint:
Because PQ∥BDPQ\parallel BD and PS∥AF,PS\parallel AF, identify the small parallelogram near FF and SS
Big hint:
Use the intersection T=PQ∩ACT=PQ\cap AC to compare the right triangles PTRPTR and ATQATQ
Solution:
Since AF⊥BDAF\perp BD and PQ⊥AF,PQ\perp AF, we have PQ∥BD.PQ\parallel BD. Also PS⊥BD,PS\perp BD, so PS∥AF.PS\parallel AF. Thus quadrilateral QPSFQPSF is a rectangle, and PS=QF. PS=QF. Let T=PQ∩AC.T=PQ\cap AC. The diagonals of a rectangle make equal angles with side AB,AB, so ∠PAT=∠APT,\angle PAT=\angle APT, giving AT=PT.AT=PT. The right triangles ATQATQ and PTRPTR are similar because they share the angle at T.T. Since their hypotenuses ATAT and PTPT are equal, AQ=PR.AQ=PR. Therefore PR+PS=AQ+QF=AF. PR+PS=AQ+QF=AF.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
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