1958 AMC 12 Problem 5

Attempt Problem 5 of the 1958 AMC 12 below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1958 AMC 12 solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

5.

The expression 2+2+12+2+12−22+\sqrt2+\dfrac1{2+\sqrt2}+\dfrac1{\sqrt2-2} equals:
22
2−22-\sqrt2
2+22+\sqrt2
222\sqrt2
22\dfrac{\sqrt2}{2}
Answer: A
Concepts:radicalrationalizing denominatoralgebraic manipulation
Small hint:
Rationalize the two reciprocal terms before adding them
Big hint:
The two reciprocals simplify to quantities whose sum is −2-\sqrt2
Solution:
Rationalizing gives 12+2=2−22,12−2=−2+22. \begin{aligned} \frac1{2+\sqrt2}&=\frac{2-\sqrt2}{2},\\ \frac1{\sqrt2-2}&=-\frac{2+\sqrt2}{2}. \end{aligned} Their sum is −2.-\sqrt2. Therefore the whole expression is 2+2−2=2. 2+\sqrt2-\sqrt2=2.
Thus, the correct answer is A.
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