1978 AMC 12 Problem 26

Attempt Problem 26 of the 1978 AMC 12 below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1978 AMC 12 solutions, or check the answer key.

All problems are used with official legal permission of the Mathematical Association of America (MAA).

26.

In △ABC,\triangle ABC, AB=10,AB=10, AC=8,AC=8, and BC=6.BC=6. Circle PP is the circle with smallest radius which passes through CC and is tangent to AB.AB. Let QQ and RR be the points of intersection, distinct from C,C, of circle PP with sides ACAC and BC,BC, respectively. The length of segment QRQR is
4.754.75
4.84.8
55
424\sqrt2
333\sqrt3
Answer: B
Concepts:right triangletangent circlesaltitudeinscribed angle
Small hint:
The 66-88-1010 triangle is right at CC; let HH be the foot from CC to ABAB
Big hint:
The smallest circle has CHCH as a diameter, and ∠QCR=90∘\angle QCR=90^\circ
Solution:
Let HH be the foot of the altitude from CC to AB.AB. Among circles through CC tangent to AB,AB, the least radius occurs when the tangency point is H,H, so CHCH is a diameter. The area of the right triangle gives CH=AC⋅BCAB=8⋅610=4.8. CH=\frac{AC\cdot BC}{AB}=\frac{8\cdot6}{10}=4.8. Also ∠QCR=90∘,\angle QCR=90^\circ, so QRQR is a diameter of circle P.P. Therefore QR=CH=4.8.QR=CH=4.8.
Therefore, the correct answer is B.
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