1990 AMC 12 Problem 23

Attempt Problem 23 of the 1990 AMC 12 below, then check your answer against the professionally curated solution from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 1990 AMC 12 solutions, or check the answer key.

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23.

If x,x, y>0,y\gt0, log⁡yx+log⁡xy=103,\log_yx+\log_xy=\frac{10}{3}, and xy=144,xy=144, then x+y2=\frac{x+y}{2}=
12212\sqrt2
13313\sqrt3
2424
3030
3636
Answer: B
Concepts:logarithmquadratic equationsymmetric expression
Small hint:
Let t=log⁡yx,t=\log_yx, so that log⁡xy=1t\log_xy=\frac{1}{t}
Big hint:
The resulting values of tt show that one of x,yx,y is the cube of the other
Solution:
Let t=log⁡yx.t=\log_yx. Then t+1t=103, t+\frac1t=\frac{10}{3}, so 3t2−10t+3=0,3t^2-10t+3=0, giving t=3t=3 or 13.\frac{1}{3}. Thus one of x,yx,y is the cube of the other. Let the smaller be u.u. Then u4=xy=144,u^4=xy=144, so u=23u=2\sqrt3 and u3=243.u^3=24\sqrt3. Therefore x+y2=23+2432=133. \frac{x+y}{2}=\frac{2\sqrt3+24\sqrt3}{2}=13\sqrt3.
Thus the correct answer is B.
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