1955 AMC 12 第 45 题

先试着解答 1955 AMC 12 第 45 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1955 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

45.

给定一个首项 ≠0\ne0 且 r≠0r\ne0 的等比数列,以及一个首项 =0=0 的等差数列。将这两个数列的对应项相加,得到第三个数列 11、11、22、…\ldots。第三个数列前十项的和为:
Given a geometric sequence with the first term ≠0\ne0 and r≠0r\ne0 and an arithmetic sequence with the first term =0.=0. A third sequence 1,1, 1,1, 2,2, …\ldots is formed by adding corresponding terms of the two given sequences. The sum of the first ten terms of the third sequence is:
978978
557557
467467
10681068
无法由已知信息确定
not possible to determine from the information given
答案:A
知识点:等比数列等差数列systems of equations
小提示:
将两个数列分别写成 a,ar,ar2,…a,ar,ar^2,\ldots 和 0,d,2d,…0,d,2d,\ldots
Write the two sequences as a,ar,ar2,…a,ar,ar^2,\ldots and 0,d,2d,…0,d,2d,\ldots
大提示:
利用前三项之和以及条件 r≠0r\ne0 求出 a,r,da,r,d
Use the first three sums and the condition r≠0r\ne0 to determine a,r,da,r,d
解答:
前三个对应项之和给出 a=1,r+d=1,r2+2d=2。 \begin{aligned} a&=1,\\ r+d&=1,\\ r^2+2d&=2 \end{aligned}\text{。}代入 d=1−rd=1-r,得 r(r−2)=0r(r-2)=0。由于 r≠0r\ne0,所以 r=2r=2,且 d=−1d=-1。等比数列前十项之和为 210−1=10232^{10}-1=1023,等差数列前十项之和为 0−1−⋯−9=−450-1-\cdots-9=-45。两者之和为 1023−45=9781023-45=978。
因此,正确答案是 A。
The first three termwise sums give a=1,r+d=1,r2+2d=2. \begin{aligned} a&=1,\\ r+d&=1,\\ r^2+2d&=2. \end{aligned} Substituting d=1−rd=1-r yields r(r−2)=0.r(r-2)=0. Since r≠0,r\ne0, we have r=2r=2 and d=−1.d=-1. The first ten geometric terms sum to 210−1=1023,2^{10}-1=1023, while the first ten arithmetic terms sum to 0−1−⋯−9=−45.0-1-\cdots-9=-45. Their combined sum is 1023−45=978.1023-45=978.
Thus, the correct answer is A.
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