1959 AMC 12 第 46 题

先试着解答 1959 AMC 12 第 46 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1959 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

46.

一名学生在为期 dd 天的假期中观察到:
(1)(1) 上午或下午共下雨 77 次;
(2)(2) 若下午下雨,则当天上午晴朗;
(3)(3) 有五个晴朗的下午;
(4)(4) 有六个晴朗的上午。
则 dd 等于:
A student on vacation for dd days observed that
(1)(1) it rained 77 times, morning or afternoon;
(2)(2) when it rained in the afternoon, it was clear in the morning;
(3)(3) there were five clear afternoons;
(4)(4) there were six clear mornings.
Then dd equals:
77
99
1010
1111
1212
答案:B
知识点:基本计数补集计数
小提示:
根据晴朗上午和下午的数量,分别计算下雨的上午与下午
Count rainy mornings and rainy afternoons from the numbers of clear half-days
大提示:
条件 (2)(2) 保证下雨的下午与下雨的上午不会发生在同一天
Condition (2)(2) ensures that a rainy afternoon and rainy morning never occur on the same day
解答:
下雨的上午有 d−6d-6 个,下雨的下午有 d−5d-5 个。由条件 (2)(2),可知这些下雨时段互不重合,总数为 77。因此 (d−6)+(d−5)=7, (d-6)+(d-5)=7\text{,}所以 2d=182d=18,且 d=9d=9。
因此,正确答案是 B。
There are d−6d-6 rainy mornings and d−5d-5 rainy afternoons. By condition (2),(2), these are distinct rainy occasions, and their total is 7.7. Hence (d−6)+(d−5)=7, (d-6)+(d-5)=7, so 2d=182d=18 and d=9.d=9.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
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