1962 AMC 12 第 36 题

先试着解答 1962 AMC 12 第 36 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1962 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

36.

若 xx 和 yy 都是整数,则方程 (x−8)(x−10)=2y(x-8)(x-10)=2^y 有多少组解?
If both xx and yy are integers, how many solutions are there to the equation (x−8)(x−10)=2y?(x-8)(x-10)=2^y?
00
11
22
33
多于 33 组
more than 33
答案:C
知识点:丢番图方程2的幂平方差
小提示:
将左边改写为 (x−9)2−1(x-9)^2-1
Rewrite the left side as (x−9)2−1(x-9)^2-1
大提示:
若 n=x−9n=x-9,则相邻的两个偶数因式 n−1n-1 和 n+1n+1 都必须是 22 的幂
If n=x−9,n=x-9, then the consecutive even factors n−1n-1 and n+1n+1 must both be powers of 22
解答:
令 n=x−9n=x-9。则 2y=n2−1=(n−1)(n+1)。 2^y=n^2-1=(n-1)(n+1)\text{。}由于乘积是 22 的幂,两个因式都不能含有奇素因子。相差 22 且均为带符号的 22 的幂的相邻偶数,只有 (−4,−2)(-4,-2) 和 (2,4)(2,4)。因此 n=±3n=\pm3 且 y=3y=3,给出 x=6x=6 或 1212。共有 22 个有序数对 (x,y)(x,y)。
所以正确答案是 C。
Put n=x−9.n=x-9. Then 2y=n2−1=(n−1)(n+1). 2^y=n^2-1=(n-1)(n+1). Since the product is a power of 2,2, both factors must have no odd prime divisor. The only consecutive even integers differing by 22 that are both signed powers of 22 are (−4,−2)(-4,-2) and (2,4).(2,4). Thus n=±3n=\pm3 and y=3,y=3, giving x=6x=6 or 12.12. There are 22 ordered pairs (x,y).(x,y).
Therefore, the correct answer is C.
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