1956 AMC 12 第 34 题

先试着解答 1956 AMC 12 第 34 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1956 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

34.

若 nn 是任意非负整数,则 n2(n2−1)n^2(n^2-1) 一定能被下列哪个数整除?
If nn is any whole number, n2(n2−1)n^2(n^2-1) is always divisible by:
1212
2424
1212 的任意倍数
any multiple of 1212
12−n12-n
1212 和 2424
1212 and 2424
答案:A
知识点:整除性consecutive integers奇偶性
小提示:
将这个式子因式分解为 n2(n−1)(n+1)n^2(n-1)(n+1)
Factor the expression as n2(n−1)(n+1)n^2(n-1)(n+1)
大提示:
三个连续整数中必有一个是 33 的倍数,而这些因子中至少含有两个因子 22
Among three consecutive integers there is a multiple of 3,3, and the factors supply at least two powers of 22
解答:
我们有 n2(n2−1)=n2(n−1)(n+1)。 n^2(n^2-1)=n^2(n-1)(n+1)\text{。}在 n−1n-1、nn、n+1n+1 中,有一个能被 33 整除。若 nn 为偶数,则 n2n^2 能被 44 整除;若 nn 为奇数,则 n−1n-1 和 n+1n+1 都是偶数,所以它们的乘积能被 44 整除。因此,这个式子一定能被 1212 整除。它不一定能被 2424 整除,因为 n=2n=2 时式子的值为 1212。
因此,正确答案是 A。
We have n2(n2−1)=n2(n−1)(n+1). n^2(n^2-1)=n^2(n-1)(n+1). Among n−1,n-1, n,n, and n+1,n+1, one is divisible by 3.3. If nn is even, n2n^2 is divisible by 4;4; if nn is odd, both n−1n-1 and n+1n+1 are even, so their product is divisible by 4.4. Thus the expression is always divisible by 12.12. It is not always divisible by 24,24, since n=2n=2 gives 12.12.
Therefore, the correct answer is A.
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