1985 AMC 12 第 19 题

先试着解答 1985 AMC 12 第 19 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1985 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

19.

考虑图像 y=Ax2y=Ax^2 和 y2+3=x2+4yy^2+3=x^2+4y,其中 AA 为正常数,xx 和 yy 为实变量。两个图像有多少个交点?
Consider the graphs of y=Ax2y=Ax^2 and y2+3=x2+4y,y^2+3=x^2+4y, where AA is a positive constant and xx and yy are real variables. In how many points do the two graphs intersect?
恰好 44 个
exactly 44
恰好 22 个
exactly 22
至少 11 个,但数量随正数 AA 的取值而变
at least 1,1, but the number varies for different positive values of AA
交点数为 00,至少对一个正数 AA 的取值成立
00 for at least one positive value of AA
以上都不是
none of these
答案:A
知识点:代数变形交点计数二次方程
小提示:
用 x2=yAx^2=\frac{y}{A} 消去 x2x^2
Use x2=yAx^2=\frac{y}{A} to eliminate x2x^2
大提示:
证明所得二次方程有两个互不相同的正 yy 根
Show that the resulting quadratic has two distinct positive yy-roots
解答:
将 x2=yAx^2=\frac{y}{A} 代入第二个方程,得到 Ay2−(4A+1)y+3A=0。 Ay^2-(4A+1)y+3A=0\text{。} 其判别式为 4A2+8A+1>04A^2+8A+1\gt0。两根的积为正数 33,和为正数 4A+1A\frac{4A+1}{A},所以两根互不相同且均为正。对每个根 yy,方程 x2=yAx^2=\frac{y}{A} 给出两个不同的 xx 值。因此恰有四个交点。
所以正确答案是 A。
Substituting x2=yAx^2=\frac{y}{A} into the second equation gives Ay2−(4A+1)y+3A=0. Ay^2-(4A+1)y+3A=0. Its discriminant is 4A2+8A+1>0.4A^2+8A+1\gt0. Its roots have positive product 33 and positive sum 4A+1A,\frac{4A+1}{A}, so both roots are positive and distinct. For each root y,y, the equation x2=yAx^2=\frac{y}{A} gives two distinct values of x.x. Thus there are exactly four intersection points.
Therefore the correct answer is A.
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