1989 AMC 12 第 21 题

先试着解答 1989 AMC 12 第 21 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1989 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

21.

一面正方形旗帜以白色为底,上面有一个等宽的红色十字,中央是一个蓝色正方形,如图所示。(这个十字关于正方形的两条对角线都对称。)如果整个十字(包括红色四臂和蓝色中央部分)占旗帜面积的 36%36\%,那么蓝色部分占旗帜面积的百分之多少?
A square flag has a red cross of uniform width with a blue square in the center on a white background as shown. (The cross is symmetric with respect to each of the diagonals of the square.) If the entire cross (both the red arms and the blue center) takes up 36%36\% of the area of the flag, what percent of the area of the flag is blue?
0.50.5
11
22
33
66
答案:C
知识点:面积分割百分数对称性
小提示:
设 hh 为中央蓝色正方形的一条半对角线长,其中旗帜边长已缩放为 11
Let hh be half a diagonal of the central blue square after scaling the flag side to 11
大提示:
四个白色角三角形的总面积为 (1−2h)2(1-2h)^2
The four white corner triangles together have area (1−2h)2(1-2h)^2
解答:
将旗帜缩放为单位正方形,并设其中心到蓝色正方形一个顶点的水平距离为 hh。四个全等的白色角三角形的总面积为 (1−2h)2(1-2h)^2。因为十字占 0.360.36,(1−2h)2=0.64。 (1-2h)^2=0.64\text{。}由 0<h<120\lt h\lt\frac{1}{2},可得 h=0.1h=0.1。蓝色正方形的两条互相垂直的对角线长度分别为 2h2h 和 2h2h,所以其面积为 12(2h)2=2h2=0.02\frac12(2h)^2=2h^2=0.02,即旗帜面积的 2%2\%。
所以正确答案是 C。
Scale the flag to a unit square, and let hh be the horizontal distance from its center to a vertex of the blue square. The four congruent white corner triangles have total area (1−2h)2.(1-2h)^2. Since the cross occupies 0.36,0.36, (1−2h)2=0.64. (1-2h)^2=0.64. With 0<h<12,0\lt h\lt\frac{1}{2}, this gives h=0.1.h=0.1. The blue square has perpendicular diagonals 2h2h and 2h,2h, so its area is 12(2h)2=2h2=0.02,\frac12(2h)^2=2h^2=0.02, or 2%2\% of the flag.
Thus the correct answer is C.
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