1990 AMC 12 第 10 题

先试着解答 1990 AMC 12 第 10 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1990 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

10.

一个 11×11×1111\times11\times11 的木质立方体由 11311^3 个单位立方体粘成。从一个观察点最多能看到多少个单位立方体?
An 11×11×1111\times11\times11 wooden cube is formed by gluing together 11311^3 unit cubes. What is the greatest number of unit cubes that can be seen from a single point?
328328
329329
330330
331331
332332
答案:D
知识点:cube容斥原理counting
小提示:
从一个观察点至多能看到立方体的三个面
At most three faces of a cube are visible from one point
大提示:
对三个两两相邻的 11×1111\times11 面应用容斥原理
Use inclusion-exclusion on three mutually adjacent 11×1111\times11 faces
解答:
从适当的观察点可以看到三个两两相邻的面。它们共包含 3(112)−3(11)+1=363−33+1=331 \begin{aligned} &3(11^2)-3(11)+1\\ &=363-33+1\\ &=331 \end{aligned} 个不同的单位立方体:减去三条重复计算的公共棱,再补回顶角处的单位立方体。
所以正确答案是 D。
From a suitable point one can see three mutually adjacent faces. They contain 3(112)−3(11)+1=363−33+1=331 \begin{aligned} &3(11^2)-3(11)+1\\ &=363-33+1\\ &=331 \end{aligned} distinct unit cubes: subtract the three shared edges and restore the corner cube.
Thus the correct answer is D.
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