1990 AMC 12 第 27 题

先试着解答 1990 AMC 12 第 27 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1990 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

27.

下列哪一组三个数不可能是一个三角形的三条高的长度?
Which of these triples could not be the lengths of the three altitudes of a triangle?
11,3\sqrt3,22
1,1, 3,\sqrt3, 22
33,44,55
3,3, 4,4, 55
55,1212,1313
5,5, 12,12, 1313
77,88,113\sqrt{113}
7,7, 8,8, 113\sqrt{113}
88,1515,1717
8,8, 15,15, 1717
答案:C
知识点:三角不等式高线reciprocal
小提示:
对于固定的面积 KK,与高 hh 对应的边长等于 2Kh\frac{2K}{h}
For fixed area K,K, a side corresponding to altitude hh equals 2Kh\frac{2K}{h}
大提示:
检验每组数的倒数是否满足三角不等式
Test the triangle inequality on the reciprocals of each triple
解答:
若三条高为 h1,h2,h3h_1,h_2,h_3,则对应的三条边长分别与 1h1,1h2,1h3\frac{1}{h_1},\frac{1}{h_2},\frac{1}{h_3} 成正比。对于 5,12,135,12,13,15>112+113, \frac15\gt\frac1{12}+\frac1{13}\text{,}所以它们的倒数不满足三角不等式。直接检验可知,其余各组数的倒数都满足所有严格的三角不等式。
所以正确答案是 C。
If the altitudes are h1,h2,h3,h_1,h_2,h_3, then the corresponding sides are proportional to 1h1,1h2,1h3.\frac{1}{h_1},\frac{1}{h_2},\frac{1}{h_3}. For 5,12,13,5,12,13, 15>112+113, \frac15\gt\frac1{12}+\frac1{13}, so the reciprocals fail the triangle inequality. Direct checking shows that the reciprocals of each other listed triple satisfy all strict triangle inequalities.
Thus the correct answer is C.
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