1977 AMC 12 第 17 题

先试着解答 1977 AMC 12 第 17 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1977 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

17.

随机掷三枚公平的骰子(即每个面朝上的概率相同)。所得的三个数能够重新排列成公差为一的等差数列的概率是多少?
Three fair dice are tossed at random (i.e., all faces have the same probability of coming up). What is the probability that the three numbers turned up can be arranged to form an arithmetic progression with common difference one?
16\frac16
19\frac19
127\frac1{27}
154\frac1{54}
736\frac7{36}
答案:B
知识点:基本概率骰子(概率)排列
小提示:
列出由三个连续点数组成的所有可能集合
List the possible three-element sets of consecutive die values
大提示:
在 636^3 个有序结果中,每个符合条件的集合都有六种排列
Each qualifying set has six orderings among the 636^3 ordered outcomes
解答:
可能的集合为 {1,2,3}\{1,2,3\}、{2,3,4}\{2,3,4\}、{3,4,5}\{3,4,5\} 和 {4,5,6}\{4,5,6\}。每个集合都有 3!=63!=6 种排列,因此在 63=2166^3=216 个结果中,有 2424 个符合条件。所求概率为 24216=19\frac{24}{216}=\frac{1}{9}。
因此,正确答案是 B。
The possible sets are {1,2,3},\{1,2,3\}, {2,3,4},\{2,3,4\}, {3,4,5},\{3,4,5\}, and {4,5,6}.\{4,5,6\}. Each has 3!=63!=6 orderings, so 2424 of the 63=2166^3=216 outcomes work. The probability is 24216=19.\frac{24}{216}=\frac{1}{9}.
Therefore, the correct answer is B.
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