1986 AMC 12 第 12 题

先试着解答 1986 AMC 12 第 12 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1986 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

12.

John 在本年度的 AHSME 中得了 9393 分。如果仍采用旧计分制,他用同样的作答只能得到 8484 分。他有多少道题没有作答?(在该年度的新计分制中,每答对一题得 55 分,答错得 00 分,未作答得 22 分。在此前的计分制中,初始分为 3030 分,每答对一题加 44 分,每答错一题扣 11 分,未作答不加分也不扣分。19861986 年的 AHSME 共有 3030 道题。)
John scores 9393 on this year’s AHSME. Had the old scoring system still been in effect, he would score only 8484 for the same answers. How many questions does he leave unanswered? (In the new scoring system that year, one received 55 points for each correct answer, 00 points for each wrong answer, and 22 points for each problem left unanswered. In the previous scoring system, one started with 3030 points, received 44 more for each correct answer, lost 11 point for each wrong answer, and neither gained nor lost points for unanswered questions. There are 3030 questions in the 19861986 AHSME.)
66
99
1111
1414
不能唯一确定
not uniquely determined
答案:B
知识点:方程组scoringelimination
小提示:
设答对、答错和未作答的题数分别为 c,w,uc,w,u
Let c,w,uc,w,u be the numbers correct, wrong and unanswered
大提示:
先利用 c+w+u=30c+w+u=30 改写旧计分制下的分数,再与新计分制下的分数比较
Use c+w+u=30c+w+u=30 to rewrite the old score before comparing it with the new score
解答:
设答对、答错和未作答的题数分别为 c,w,uc,w,u。旧计分制下的分数和总题数给出 30+4c−w=84,c+w+u=30。 \begin{aligned} 30+4c-w&=84,\\ c+w+u&=30\text{。} \end{aligned} 消去 ww,得到 5c+u=845c+u=84。新计分制下的分数为 5c+2u=935c+2u=93。两式相减,得到 u=9u=9。
所以正确答案是 B。
Let c,w,uc,w,u be the numbers correct, wrong and unanswered. The old score and total number of questions give 30+4c−w=84,c+w+u=30. \begin{aligned} 30+4c-w&=84,\\ c+w+u&=30. \end{aligned} Eliminating ww yields 5c+u=84.5c+u=84. The new score is 5c+2u=93.5c+2u=93. Subtracting these equations gives u=9.u=9.
Thus the correct answer is B.
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