1995 AMC 12 第 30 题

先试着解答 1995 AMC 12 第 30 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1995 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

30.

将 2727 个单位立方体堆成一个大立方体。一个平面垂直于大立方体的一条体对角线,并平分该对角线。这个平面与多少个单位立方体相交?
A large cube is formed by stacking 2727 unit cubes. A plane is perpendicular to one of the internal diagonals of the large cube and bisects that diagonal. The number of unit cubes that the plane intersects is
1616
1717
1818
1919
2020
答案:D
知识点:three-dimensional coordinates生成函数
小提示:
将大立方体表示为 [0,3]3[0,3]^3,写出经过其中心且垂直于体对角线的平面方程
Model the large cube as [0,3]3[0,3]^3 and write the plane through its center perpendicular to the diagonal
大提示:
用每个单位立方体中 x+y+zx+y+z 的最小值为其编号,并判断哪些编号能使平面相交
Index each unit cube by its minimum value of x+y+zx+y+z and determine which index sums allow an intersection
解答:
将大立方体取为 [0,3]3[0,3]^3。所求平面为 x+y+z=92x+y+z=\frac{9}{2}。一个下方顶点为 (i,j,k)(i,j,k) 的单位立方体,其中 i,j,k∈{0,1,2}i,j,k\in\{0,1,2\},其内部 x+y+zx+y+z 的取值从 s=i+j+ks=i+j+k 到 s+3s+3。它与该平面相交,当且仅当 s=2s=2、s=3s=3 或 s=4s=4。在 (1+x+x2)3 (1+x+x^2)^3 中,x2x^2、x3x^3、x4x^4 的系数分别为 66、77、66。因此该平面与 6+7+6=196+7+6=19 个单位立方体相交,正确答案是 D。
Take the large cube as [0,3]3.[0,3]^3. The plane is x+y+z=92.x+y+z=\frac{9}{2}. A unit cube with lower corner (i,j,k),(i,j,k), where i,j,k∈{0,1,2},i,j,k\in\{0,1,2\}, contains values of x+y+zx+y+z from s=i+j+ks=i+j+k to s+3.s+3. It intersects the plane exactly when s=2,s=2, s=3,s=3, or s=4.s=4. The coefficients of x2,x^2, x3,x^3, x4x^4 in (1+x+x2)3 (1+x+x^2)^3 are 6,6, 7,7, 6.6. Thus the plane intersects 6+7+6=196+7+6=19 unit cubes, and the correct answer is D.
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