1977 AMC 12 第 13 题

先试着解答 1977 AMC 12 第 13 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1977 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

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13.

若正数数列 a1a_1、a2a_2、a3a_3、…\ldots 对所有正整数 nn 都满足 an+2=anan+1a_{n+2}=a_na_{n+1},则数列 a1a_1、a2a_2、a3a_3、…\ldots 是等比数列的条件为
If a1,a_1, a2,a_2, a3,a_3, …\ldots is a sequence of positive numbers such that an+2=anan+1a_{n+2}=a_na_{n+1} for all positive integers n,n, then the sequence a1,a_1, a2,a_2, a3,a_3, …\ldots is a geometric progression
任意正数 a1a_1 和 a2a_2 均可
for all positive values of a1a_1 and a2a_2
当且仅当 a1=a2a_1=a_2
if and only if a1=a2a_1=a_2
当且仅当 a1=1a_1=1
if and only if a1=1a_1=1
当且仅当 a2=1a_2=1
if and only if a2=1a_2=1
当且仅当 a1=a2=1a_1=a_2=1
if and only if a1=a2=1a_1=a_2=1
答案:E
知识点:递推等比数列比与比例
小提示:
用 a1a_1、a2a_2 表示 a3a_3、a4a_4 和 a5a_5
Write out a3,a_3, a4,a_4, and a5a_5 in terms of a1,a_1, a2a_2
大提示:
令前三个相邻项之比相等,并利用各项为正
Equate the first three successive ratios and use positivity
解答:
接下来的各项为 a3=a1a2a_3=a_1a_2、a4=a1a22a_4=a_1a_2^2 和 a5=a12a23a_5=a_1^2a_2^3。若该数列为等比数列,则 a2a1=a3a2=a1,a4a3=a2=a1。 \begin{aligned} \frac{a_2}{a_1}&=\frac{a_3}{a_2}=a_1,\\ \frac{a_4}{a_3}&=a_2=a_1 \end{aligned}\text{。}因此 a2=a12a_2=a_1^2,且 a2=a1a_2=a_1。由各项为正可知 a1=a2=1a_1=a_2=1。反之,这两个初值会产生常数等比数列 1,1,1,…1,1,1,\ldots。
因此,正确答案是 E。
The next terms are a3=a1a2,a_3=a_1a_2, a4=a1a22,a_4=a_1a_2^2, and a5=a12a23.a_5=a_1^2a_2^3. If the sequence is geometric, then a2a1=a3a2=a1,a4a3=a2=a1. \begin{aligned} \frac{a_2}{a_1}&=\frac{a_3}{a_2}=a_1,\\ \frac{a_4}{a_3}&=a_2=a_1. \end{aligned} Thus a2=a12a_2=a_1^2 and a2=a1.a_2=a_1. Positivity forces a1=a2=1.a_1=a_2=1. Conversely, these initial values produce the constant geometric sequence 1,1,1,….1,1,1,\ldots.
Therefore, the correct answer is E.
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