1952 AMC 12 第 17 题

先试着解答 1952 AMC 12 第 17 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1952 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

17.

一位商人以低于标价 20%20\% 的价格购入一批商品。他希望定出一个价格,使商品按此定价打 20%20\% 折扣出售后,仍能获得相当于售价 20%20\% 的利润。他所定价格应为原标价的百分之多少?
A merchant bought some goods at a discount of 20%20\% of the list price. He wants to mark them at such a price that he can give a discount of 20%20\% of the marked price and still make a profit of 20%20\% of the selling price. The percent of the list price at which he should mark them is:
2020
100100
125125
8080
120120
答案:C
知识点:百分数钱币代数变形
小提示:
将原标价设为 11,并区分成本、所定价格和售价
Normalize the list price to 11 and distinguish cost, marked price, and selling price
大提示:
利润等于售价的 20%20\%,意味着成本是售价的 80%80\%
A profit equal to 20%20\% of selling price means the cost is 80%80\% of selling price
解答:
设原标价为 11。商人的成本为 0.80.8。若售价为 SS,则 S−0.8=0.2SS-0.8=0.2S,所以 S=1S=1。若所定价格为 MM,打 20%20\% 折扣后有 0.8M=S=10.8M=S=1,因此 M=1.25M=1.25。
因此,所定价格应为原标价的 125%125\%,所以正确答案是 C。
Let the list price be 1.1. The merchant’s cost is 0.8.0.8. If the selling price is S,S, then S−0.8=0.2S,S-0.8=0.2S, so S=1.S=1. If the marked price is M,M, the 20%20\% discount gives 0.8M=S=1,0.8M=S=1, hence M=1.25.M=1.25.
The marked price must therefore be 125%125\% of the list price, so the correct answer is C.
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