1976 AMC 12 第 8 题

先试着解答 1976 AMC 12 第 8 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 1976 AMC 12 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

8.

在平面上随机选取一点,其两个直角坐标都是绝对值不超过四的整数,且所有这样的点被选中的概率相同。该点到原点的距离不超过两个单位的概率是多少?
A point in the plane, both of whose rectangular coordinates are integers with absolute value less than or equal to four, is chosen at random, with all such points having an equal probability of being chosen. What is the probability that the distance from the point to the origin is at most two units?
1381\frac{13}{81}
1581\frac{15}{81}
1364\frac{13}{64}
π16\frac{\pi}{16}
某个有理数的平方
the square of a rational number
答案:A
知识点:格点基本概率圆系统列举
小提示:
每个坐标各有 99 种选择
There are 99 choices for each coordinate
大提示:
分别考虑 x=0x=0、x=±1x=\pm1、x=±2x=\pm2,数出满足 x2+y2≤4x^2+y^2\le4 的整数对
Count integer pairs satisfying x2+y2≤4x^2+y^2\le4 by considering x=0,x=0, x=±1,x=\pm1, and x=±2x=\pm2
解答:
共有 92=819^2=81 个可能的点。到原点距离不超过 22 的点包括原点;四个点 (±1,0)(\pm1,0)、(0,±1)(0,\pm1);四个点 (±1,±1)(\pm1,\pm1);以及四个点 (±2,0)(\pm2,0)、(0,±2)(0,\pm2)。因此共有 1313 个点符合条件,概率为 1381\frac{13}{81}。
所以正确答案是 A。
There are 92=819^2=81 possible points. Within distance 22 are the origin; the four points (±1,0),(\pm1,0), (0,±1);(0,\pm1); the four points (±1,±1);(\pm1,\pm1); and the four points (±2,0),(\pm2,0), (0,±2).(0,\pm2). Thus 1313 points qualify, for probability 1381.\frac{13}{81}.
Therefore, the correct answer is A.
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